39. ansible的剧本模式¶

1. playbook介绍¶

#1. 使用yaml格式编写，
#2. 包含2部分内容：hosts和tasks

2. hosts部分¶

#1. 前提：被管理的IP都在hosts配置文件中: /etc/ansible/hosts

#2. 使用方法：
- hosts: 192.168.178.123                      #1.直接跟IP：
- hosts: chupenggroup                         #2.跟主机组：
- hosts: 192.168.178.121,192.168.178.122       #3.跟多个IP：
- hosts: all                                #4.跟all：

3. tasks部分¶

1. 变量形式¶

tasks:
  -name: make sure apache is running    # 说明内容
   service: name=httpd state=running    # 模块及其参数
  -nam: copy file   # 说明内容
   copy:src=/etc/ansible/hosts dest=/etc/ansible/hosts owner=cp1 group=cp1 mode=0644    # 使用的模块及其参数

2. 字典形式¶

# 当传入参数列表过长时使用

tasks:
  - name: copy file to client ...
    copy:
      src: /etc/ansible/hosts
      dest: /etc/ansible/hosts
      owner: root
      group: root
      mode: 0644

4. 剧本命令¶

1. 查看帮助¶

ansible-playbook -h

2. 查看剧本执行的详细输出¶

ansible-playbook nginx.yaml --verbose

3. 查看剧本影响的主机¶

ansible-playbook nginx.yaml --list-hosts

4. 加载指定的主机清单文件执行剧本¶

ansible-playbook nginx.yaml -l /etc/my_ansible/hosts

5. 执行剧本并检查语法¶

ansible-playbook nginx.yaml --syntax-check

6. 调试剧本，不执行¶

ansible-playbook nginx.yaml -C

5. 案例1：编写批量安装nginx的剧本¶

1. 创建yaml文件目录¶

#1.
mkdir /myyaml

2. 编写yaml剧本¶

#2.
vim /myyaml/install_nginx.yaml
- hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: install nginx
      yum: name=nginx state=present
    - name: copy nginx.conf
      copy: src=./nginx.conf dest=/etc/nginx/conf/nginx.conf mode=0644

3. 检查剧本语法¶

ansible-playbook /myyaml/install_nginx.yaml --syntax-check

4. 调试剧本¶

ansible-playbook /myyaml/install_nginx.yaml -C

5. 执行剧本¶

ansible-playbook /myyaml/install_nginx.yaml

6. 查看安装结果¶

ansible chupenggroup -m shell -a "rpm -qa nginx"

6. 案例2：批量部署rsync服务¶

1. 编写剧本文件¶

vim /myyaml/install_rsync.yaml

- hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: step01,install rsync
      yum: name=rsync state=installed
    - name: step02,edit rsync conf file
      copy: src=/etc/ansible/rsync_conf/rsyncd.conf dest=/etc/rsync/conf/
    - name: step03,create user rsync
      user: name=rsync state=present createhome=no shell=/sbin/nologin
    - name: step04,create user auth file
      copy: src=/etc/ansible/rsync_conf/rsync.password dest=/etc/rsync/conf/ mode=600
    - name: step05,create backup dir
      file: dest=/data_backup/ state=directory owner=rsync group=rsync
    - name: step06,run rsync server
      shell: rsync --daemon creates=/var/run/rsync.pid

2. 执行剧本¶

ansible-playbook install_rsync.yaml

最后更新: 2022-02-18 11:26:47